The Social and Romantic Relationships Through the Social      Networking Sites: Analytical View on Literature Review

Kamal Abouelyazeid, Hanaa

doi:10.21608/jkom.2023.338657

The Social and Romantic Relationships Through the Social Networking Sites: Analytical View on Literature Review

Author

Hanaa Kamal Abouelyazeid

Department of Radio & TV , Faculty of Mass Communication, Menoufia University

10.21608/jkom.2023.338657

Abstract

The paper aims to review and analyze several Arabic and foreign studies that examined " romantic relationships formed through social networking sites". It focused on studies have been conducted from 2000 -2020 which witnessed widespread use of social networks worldwide. The researcher depended on ‘second-level analysis’ as a method for analyzing 57 studies that have varied between the fields of communication, psychology, and sociology. Through qualitative analysis of the sample, the studies were divided into three sides:
1- Uses of social networks in order to form social and emotional relationships, and the attitudes of individuals towards these relationships.
2- Personal and psychological characteristics affecting the tendency of individuals to form emotional relationships through social networks.
3 - The effects of using social networks on realistic emotional and marital relationships.
The researcher concluded with a proposed vision to develop the research field about social networks and the virtual emotional relationships formed through them in several points, for example: conducting qualitative studies on emotional relationships through social networking sites, diversity of methodological procedures such as case studies, conducting discussion groups, and investigating various mediating variables such as social comparison, quality of parent-child relationships (especially in adolescent studies), nature of use (active/passive), place of residence (urban/rural), type of work ( multi national/ public/ self-employment), and type of education (public/international).

Keywords

References

Musie, E. Christofides and S. Desmarais. “More Information than you ever wanted: does Facebook bring out the green – eyed monster of jealousy?” Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol.12, 4, pp. 441-444

Abbasi, I. (2018). “Falling prey to online romantic alternatives: Evaluating social media alternative partners in committed versus dating relationship”, Social science computer review, p.1-11

Abbasi, I. (2018). “Social media addiction in romantic relationships: does users age influence vulnerability to social media infidelity? personality and individual differences”, 139, pp.227-280.

Abbasi, I.& Alghamdi, Nawal (2017).” When flirting turn into infidelity: the Facebook dilemma”, The American journal of family therapy, 45(1). pp. 1-14.

Abdel Sadiq Hassan (2016). “Adolescents’ perception of the dangers of pornographic content on cell phones, a comparative study between secondary school students in Egypt and Bahrain within the framework of the theory of third-person influence,” Yearbook 36, pp. 9-150.

Abdullah Al-Tamimi (2012). “University youth’s uses of social media and the satisfactions achieved: A field study on a sample of Ajman University students,” United Arab Emirates., Annals of Arts, Ain Shams, Vol. 40, pp. 293-313.

Ahmad, M. (2014). “Online identity vs offline identity, Australian Muslim Times”, retrieved from: http://www.amust.com.au/2014/11/online-identity-vs-offline-identity/

Aladdin Khalifa, Abdul Rahim Darwish (2019). “University students’ uses of the Internet and its relationship to evaluating romantic relationships online,” Al-Zarqa Journal for Human Research and Studies, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 180-194.

Alamira Samah, F. (2019). “Impact of romantic Facebook crush pages on the Egyptian youth”. Journal of Humanities and Applied sciences”(3)1, pp1-17.

Ali Al-Sarayrah (2019). “Behaviors practiced by spouses via social media networks in Jordanian society: A field study on a sample of convicted spouses and those with pending cases,” Annals of Etiquette, Ain Shams. Vol 47, pp. 150-176

Amanda, L, Maeve, D& Aaron, S. (2014).” Couples, the internet, and social media”, Pew Research Center, retrieved from: www.pewresearch.org

Bozzola, E., Spina, G. (2022). “The Use of social media in Children and Adolescents: Scoping Review on the Potential Risks”. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9407706/

Brandon, T, Michelle, D. & Jaclyn, C. (2017). “Do you have anything to hide? Infidelity- related behaviors on social media sites and marital satisfaction” , Computers in Human Behaviors, 66, PP. 88-95.

Carrina, L. (2017). “Developing & maintaining online romantic relationships”, Doctoral Dissertation, Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection, retrieved from: http://scholarworks.walden.edu/cg/viewcontent.cgi?article=5258&context=dissertations.

Carter, Z. (2018).”Emotional and sexual Facebook communication habit of married men with the opposite sex: The damaging marital effects of Facebook cyber infidelity” , Journal of Psychology and Christianity, retrieved from: http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Emotional+and+Sexual+Facebook+Communication+Habits+of+Married+Mena0553279839 .

Clark, S (2014). “The amount of internet use and its impact on relationship satisfaction. Quality of Communication and Wellbeing”, Doctoral Dissertation, Faculty of the Alder School of Professional Psychology.

Clayton, R (2014). “The Third Wheel: The Impact of Twitter Use on Relationship Infidelity and Divorce”. Cyberpsychology, behavior & social networking, vol. 17(7), pp.425-430.

Clayton, R., Nagurney, A.& Smith, J. (2013). “Cheating, break up, and divorce: is Facebook use to blame?”, Cyberpsychology, behavior & social networking, vol. 16, pp.717-720.

Cohen, S. (2004). Social relationships and health, American Psychologist,59(8) pp.74

Cooper, A, McLoughlin, I & Campbell, K. (2000). “Sexuality in cyberspace: Update for the 21^st century”. Cyberpsychology& Behavior, Vol. 3, pp. 521- 536

Dainton, M. & Gross, J. (2008).” The use of negative strategies for relationship maintenance”, Research Reports, 25, pp. 179-191.

Elphinston, R & Noller, P. (2011). “Time to Face it: Facebook intrusion and the implications of the internet”. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, PP. 307- 336

Emily, V& Monica, A (2020). “Dating and relationships in the digital age”. Pew Research Center, retrieved from: www.pewresearch.org

Farrugia, R. (2013). “Facebook and relationships: A study of how social media use is affecting long- term relationships-Rochester institute of technology Rit scholar works”, retrieved from: http://scholarworks.rit.edu/these/30/

Finkel, E, Hui, C, Carswell, K, Larson, G. (2014). “The suffocation of marriage: climbing mount Maslow without enough oxygen”. Psychological Inquiry, 25, pp. 1-41

Heather, U& Bruce, F. (2004). “Internet relationships and their impact on primary relationships”, Behavior Change, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 127-140

Heba Bahi El-Din, Nashwa Zaki (2009). “Personal and demographic traits that predict marital infidelity over the Internet,” Journal of Arab Studies in Psychology, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 369-416.

Helene, L. & Kira, L. (2006).” Dynamics of internet dating” , Social Science Computer Review, 24(2), pp. 189-208.

Helmy Sari (2008). “The impact of online communication on social relations: a field study in Qatari society,” Damascus University Journal of Arts and Human Sciences, vol. 24, No. 1, 2, pp. 295-351.

Hina.G, Sarder,Z et al (2019).” Impact of Social Media Usage on Married Couple Behavior: A pilot Study on Middle East”, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 14, 6, pp.1368-1378.

Huels, D. (2011). “Beginning romantic relationships online: A phenomenological examination of internet couple”s, UMI Dissertation Publishing.

Ibrahim Abdel Karim (2014). “Egyptian family problems resulting from poor use of the Internet from the parents’ point of view - a field study,” Egyptian Journal of Public Opinion Research, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 439-520.

Ingrid, B, Teresa, C., Amber, W. (2013). “Personality and social media use”, IGI Global, pp. 41-61.

Jessica, E., Donne, M. & Richard, C. (2002).” Attitudes and practices regarding the formation of romantic relationships on the internet. “,Cyber Psychology & Behavior, Vol.5, No.2, PP. 107-123.

Jones. A. (2015). “Modern Romance: The Impact of Mobile Mediated Communication and Romantic Attachment on Relationship Satisfaction”, Doctoral Dissertation, Faculty of the California School of California School of Professional Psychology, San Francisco, Alliant International University.

Juan, A.,Francisco,A.& Emily, M. (2019).” Relationship satisfaction and infidelity related behaviors on social networks: a preliminary online study of Hispanic women”, European journal of investigation on health, psychology and education, 10, pp.297- 309.

Kassia, k. & Poula, Q. (2016) “The medium is the romance: virtual and face to face relations: Example of romantic relation in the context of online dating”, pp.1-22, retrieved from: www.researchgate.net.

Kemp, Simon(2023). “Digital 2023: Global Overview Report”. Retrieved from: https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2023-global-overview-report

Lamia Mohsen (2020). “The role of social networking sites in family disintegration: a field study,” Journal of Media Research. No. 55, Part 5, pp. 2988-3027

Leah, L, Kate, B &Nicholas, B. (2014).” Navigating romantic relationships on Facebook: Extending the relationship dissolution model to social networking environments “, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, retrieved from: http://spr.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/03/04/0265407514524848

Lenhart, A., (2015). Teens, social media & Technology Overview 2015. Retrieved from: www.pewresearch.org

Hand, D. Thomas, W. Bubottz et al. (2013). “Facebook & Romantic Relationships: Intimacy & Couple Satisfaction Associated with Online Social Network Use”, Cyberpsychology& Behavior, 16, 1, pp.8-13

Matthew, M., Donne, T., Walter, B, Eric, D. (2013). „Facebook and romantic relationships: intimacy and couple satisfaction associated with online social network use”, Cyber psychology, behavior, and social network, vol.1, pp.8-13.

Michael, G. & Arnold, L. (2016). “Participation in social network sites: association with the quality of offline and online friendships in German preadolescents and adolescents”. Journal of psychological research on cyber space, vol. 2, article 2.

Mukesh, M, Mayo, M., Gaoncalva, D. (2016). “When friend show off: Facebook and wellbeing”, AMA winter educators conference proceeding,27C-8-C-9

Mustafa Al-Taie (2020). “New media and the effects of the transformation of Arab societies from traditional to virtual relationships: a field study on a sample of users of Arab communication sites in the UAE,” Arab Journal of Management, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 121-141.

Nadia Ghoneim (2013). “The relative contribution of the Big Five personality factors to the tendency toward online romantic relationships,” Journal of Arab Studies in Psychology, Vol. 2, No. 47, pp. 5-147.

Nawal and Sar. (2014). “Algerian university students’ uses of the social networking sites Facebook and the satisfactions achieved from them: a field study of university 2 students,” Generation Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, pp. 145-164.

Nisreen Abdel Qader (2020). “The impact of social media on the nature of marital relations,” Annals of Arts, Ain Shams, Vol. 48, pp. 487-504.

Norton, A, Baptist, J& Hogan, B. (2018). Computer-mediated communication in intimate relationships: Associations of boundary crossing, intrusion, relationship satisfaction and partner responsiveness, Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 44(1), pp165-182.

Pollet, R. (2011). “Use of social network sites and instant messaging does not lead to increased offline social network size or to emotionally closer relationships with offline network members”, Cyber psychology, behavior, & social networking, vol. 14, no.4, pp.253-258.

Porter, K et al.” A study of the effect of social media use and addiction on relationship satisfaction”, retrieved from: www.journal.chapman.edu.

Reuben.J & Mickel.J.(2012). “Searching for a Mate: The Rise of the Internet as A Social Intermediary”, The American Sociological Review, 77(4), pp. 523- 547

Ridgway, J & Clayton, R (2016). “Instagram unfiltered: Exploring associations of body image satisfaction, Instagram selfie posting and negative romantic relationship outcomes.”, Cyberpsychology behavior and social networking, retrieved from: http://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0433

Romina, S., Friedland, J. (2017). “Digital romance: the sources of online love in the Muslim world.” Media culture& society, pp.1-11

Sai, A (2019). “Social media addiction and its impact on the parent-child and romantic relationships”, International journal of innovative studies in sociology & humanities, Vol 4, Issue5.

Salen D. et al. (2015). “An overview of young adults’ opinions into cyber relation: Turkey sample, 5th world conference on learning, teaching& educational lead ship”, WCLTA,186, PP.91-94

Selena Quiroz (2019). “Are online comparison damaging our in-person connections? effects of social media use on romantic relationships, A thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science”, Arizona state university.

Simon, K. “Digital Trends 2019: every single stat you need to know about the internet”, retrieved from: www.thenextweb.com

Skye, B., Deanna, G. & Zane,Z. (2019)“ Social media and romantic relationships: excessive social media use leads to relationship conflict, negative outcomes and addiction via mediated pathways” , social science computer review, pp.1-18.

Sue, M. (2007). “Love Actually! Older adults and their romantic internet relationships”, Australian Journal of Emerging Technologies and Societies”, 5(2), PP. 84-102.

Sue, M. (2008).” Intimacy and older adults: A comparison between online and offline romantic relationships”, retrieved from: http://www.adults%34-a-comparison-between-and-819fb262f0685e6c3abf2cf39821fd062d4fb70c

Tang, A. (2015). “The internet is real: how relationships online are just like in real life. The good men project”. Retrieved from: http://goodmenproject.com/rthics-values/the-internet-is-real-how-relationships-online-are-just-like-in-real-lise-fiff/

Tuner, Mark & Prince, Emma. (2020).” Being together a part: does communication via social media help or harm romantic relationships? International conference of human computer interaction, Denmark, retrieved from: http://idx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-03

Utz. S, Muscanell. N, Khalid. C (2015). “Snapchat Elicits More Jealousy than Facebook: A comparison of Snapchat and Facebook Use”, Cyber psychology, behavior and social networking, 18(3), pp. 141-146

Valenzuela, S. &Katz, J. (2014). “Social network sites, marriage wellbeing and divorce: survey and stat-level evidence from the United States,” Computers in human behavior, vol.36, pp.94-101.

Wang, C. & Chang, T. (2010).” Cyber relationship motives: scale development and validation “, Social Behavior and Personality,38(3), from: Helene, L. & Kira, L. (2006).” Dynamics of internet dating” in: Social Science Computer Review, 24(2), pp. 189-208.

Winda, P. (2020). “Social Media and Marital Infidelity.” 1^st International Conference on Psychology, pp106-111.

Yousef Al-Failakawi (2016). “The use of social media on social relationships among young people, a field study,” Arab Journal of Media and Communication Research, No. 23, pp. 200-211. Zainab Zamouri (2015). “The emotional relationship between the sexes using electronic means between virtual society and real society,” Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, No. 5, pp. 189-230.