The study aimed to reveal the degree of dependence of the Saudi public on open sources in obtaining information about the Omicron mutator, the reasons for accreditation, the level of confidence in them as information sources, and the resulting effects of accreditation. In the application, it relied on the survey method, through the use of an electronic questionnaire to survey the opinions of a sample of the Saudi public, consisting of 500 individuals, distributed over five emirates representing the five geographical regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study reached a set of results, most notably: - Two-thirds of the study sample depended on open sources to obtain information about the omicron mutant, to a high and medium degree. - The Twitter platform ranked first among the open sources that respondents rely on to obtain information about the Omicron mutator, followed by Snapchat, then Instagram. - The study supported the assumption of the theory of dependence on the media, as the results confirmed the agreement of the respondents with a high degree that the public's dependence on open sources increases as their need for information increases. - The majority of respondents interact with news obtained from open sources to a high and medium degree. - Respondents agreed with a high degree that open sources have an important role in guiding and addressing issues and motivating the public to pay attention to them. - Confidence in open source coverage of the omicron mutant crisis is still lower than confidence in traditional sources coverage of the same crisis.
Denis, Mcquail, (1987) "Mass Communication Theory" (London: Sage Publications,). P.87.
Werner, J. Severin & James Tankard, Jr. (1979) "Communication Theories Origins Methods and Uses In The Mass Media", (New York: Hasting House Publications,). Pp. 262-265.
Ferreira G., Borges S. (2020) Media and Misinformation in Times of COVID-19: How People Informed Themselves in the Days Following the Portuguese Declaration of the State of Emergency. Journalism and Media, 1, 108–121
Gehrau, V., Fujarski, S., Lorenz, H., Schieb, C., Blöbaum, B. (2021) The Impact of Health Information Exposure and Source Credibility on COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in Germany. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 4678, P. 1-13
5. Al-Buraq, Nasser bin Nafeh (2021), the Saudi public’s dependence on Islamic institutions’ accounts on social media to obtain information about the Corona pandemic, Cairo: Higher Institute for Media, Journal of Research and Media Studies, Issue (16) p. 1-89
Gehrau, V., Fujarski, S., Lorenz, H., Schieb, C., Blöbaum, B. (2021) The Impact of Health Information Exposure and Source Credibility on COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in Germany. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 4678, P. 1-13
Saudi Communications and Information Technology Commission -link/http://www.aljazirahonline.com/news/2015/20150616/53321#sthash.PmuloS7U.dpuf
Allen Center and Frank E., Walash "Public Relations Practices" 2nd Ed. (New Jersy : Prentice Hall, Inc, 1989), PP. 16-48.
Mostafa, Howaida (1997) “Crisis Media” International Media Department of the Gulf War (Cairo: Dar El-Nadim for Printing and Publishing, pp. 14-16)
Essam, Eman (2020), The Egyptian public’s dependence on the media during crises: a case study of the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt. Cairo University, Faculty of Mass Communication, Public Opinion Research Center, Volume 19, No. 4. pp. 233-273
Ferreira G., Borges S. (2020) Media and Misinformation in Times of COVID-19: How People Informed Themselves in the Days Following the Portuguese Declaration of the State of Emergency. Journalism and Media, 1, 108–121.
Khalifa, Hussein, (2020) Media coverage of the Corona pandemic and its role in shaping Bahraini public opinion trends towards the performance of health institutions, Journal of Public Relations Research Middle East, Volume 8, Issue (29) Part One, pp. 279-317
Muñiz, T. (2020), Media System Dependency and Change in Risk Perception During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Tripodos, 47,1 P. 11-26
Murad, Hassan, Mahmoud Abdel-Nabi, Khaled Al-Hamidi, (2020), The Kuwaiti public's dependence on the media during crises: the emerging corona virus, as an example. Kuwait University, Scientific Publication Council, Annals of Arts and Social Sciences, No. 41. Pg. 9-146
Abdel Aziz, Lamia Mohamed, (2018) Doctors’ Attitudes Towards Means of Addressing Traditional and New Media, Medicine, Health, Healthy Living and Alternative Medicine Issue 16, Autumn 2018, pp. 367-426,
Al-Buraq, Nasser Nafeh (2021), the Saudi public’s reliance on Islamic institutions’ accounts on social media to obtain information about the Corona pandemic, previous reference.
Hassan, Zainab (2021), The Impact of Reliance on Saudi Official Media Platforms in Twitter on Public Knowledge and Behaviors towards the Corona Pandemic, Journal of Media Research, Volume 57 - Issue 1, p. 129 – 282.
Al-Manea, Ali and Al-Aqeel, Faisal (2021) The dependence of social network users in Saudi Arabia on the speech of the media spokesperson for the Ministry of Health during the Corona crisis as a restriction 19, Egyptian Journal of Media Research, No. 76. 2021, pp. 177-223.
Al-Masawi, Muhammad (2020), Attitudes of the Saudi public towards the role of the new media in spreading health awareness, The Scientific Journal of Public Relations and Advertising Research - Issue 20 - July / December. p. 141-197
Azzouz, Howayda El-Sayed (2020). The public's reliance on social networking sites in developing health awareness during the Corona pandemic. Journal of Environmental and Energy Research, Volume 9, Issue (15), pp. 1-21.
Jamal Dreyer and Dr. Samia Kbezi, (2020) The contribution of social networks to health education for Algerian youth - a field study on a sample of university students, Al-Resala Journal for Media Studies, Volume 4, Issue 3, October, Algeria. p. 11-23
Lisa Singha (2020): Afirst look at covid-19, Information and misinformation sharing on Twitter: a paper presented to University of Minnesoto.
Muhammad, Rehab Sami Latif, (2020), The Egyptian public’s dependence on the new media as a source of information and news about the coronavirus pandemic and its role in promoting health awareness, Journal of Media Research, Faculty of Information, Al-Azhar University, No. 55, Part 5. p. 372-38.
Al-Anazi, Ali Damian, (2021) Saudis’ Reliance on Smartphones as a Source of News in the Global Crisis of the Novel Coronavirus, Taif University Journal for Human Sciences, Issue 25, Volume 7, April, 693-756.
Devler, Melvin, and Sandra Paul Rokich, (1993) Media Theories, translated by Kamal Abdel Raouf, 1st Edition (Cairo: International House for Publishing and Distribution), pg. 408.
Abdel Hamid, Muhammad, (2004 AD), Media Theories and Influence Trends, 3rd Edition, World of Books, Cairo, p. 280.
Abdel Hamid, Muhammad, previous reference, p. 298.
Muhammad, Abdel Hadi, (2002) Information and Information Technology on the threshold of a new century, Arab Book House Library, Cairo, Egypt, p. 51.
Rakan, Abdul Karim and others (2001), Introduction to Communications, Dar Zahran Library, Jeddah, 1st Edition, p. 120.
Al-Buraq, Nasser Nafeh (2021), The Saudi public’s dependence on Islamic institutions’ accounts on social media to obtain information about the Corona pandemic, op.
Hejab, Muhammad Munir (2010), Communication Theories, (Cairo: Dar Al-Fajr for Publishing and Distribution), p. 303.
John Merle. Ralph Lowenstein (2003) Media is a means and a message, Arabization, Saed Khader Al-Urabi Al-Harthy, Dar Al-Marikh Publishing - Riyadh - p. 267.
Borges & Ferreira. (2020). Op. Cit,.
Al-Anazi, Ali (2021). The Saudis’ reliance on smart phones as a source of news in the global crisis of the emerging corona virus, op.
Nasr, Hosni Muhammad (2015), Media Theories, 1st Edition (UAE: University Book House). p 258.
Al-Farahi Alaa Al-Din, Rababa, Muhammad Ahmad (2018), The Reality of Religious Talk Shows and Their Relationship to Religious Culture: A Field Study on Arab University Youth According to the Theory of Media Dependence, Arab Journal for Media and Communication, Saudi Society for Media and Communication, No. 20, p. 259 -260.
Hassan, Zainab (2021), The effect of relying on the official Saudi media platforms in Twitter on the knowledge and behavior of the public towards the Corona pandemic, op.cit.
Murad Hassan et al. (2020), The Kuwaiti public's dependence on the media during crises: the emerging corona virus as an example. Previous reference.
Mohamed, Howaida Reda (2016), Attitudes of Egyptian expatriates abroad towards the social effects of their dependence on social networks: A field study within the framework of the theory of media dependence, Scientific Journal of Radio and Television Research, No. 5, (Cairo University, Faculty of Mass Communication) pp. 233-289.
Essam, Eman (2020), The Egyptian public's dependence on the media during crises, previous reference.
Ben Naser El-Sherif, S. (2022). The Saudi public's reliance on open sources to obtain information about the Corona pandemic mutant, Omicron. The Arab Journal of Media and Communication Research (AJMCR), 2022(36), 4-49. doi: 10.21608/jkom.2022.232541
MLA
Salem Ben Naser El-Sherif. "The Saudi public's reliance on open sources to obtain information about the Corona pandemic mutant, Omicron", The Arab Journal of Media and Communication Research (AJMCR), 2022, 36, 2022, 4-49. doi: 10.21608/jkom.2022.232541
HARVARD
Ben Naser El-Sherif, S. (2022). 'The Saudi public's reliance on open sources to obtain information about the Corona pandemic mutant, Omicron', The Arab Journal of Media and Communication Research (AJMCR), 2022(36), pp. 4-49. doi: 10.21608/jkom.2022.232541
VANCOUVER
Ben Naser El-Sherif, S. The Saudi public's reliance on open sources to obtain information about the Corona pandemic mutant, Omicron. The Arab Journal of Media and Communication Research (AJMCR), 2022; 2022(36): 4-49. doi: 10.21608/jkom.2022.232541